Statistical Testing Options

The statistical testing options that are available depend on the response roles and the use of grouping variables in the analysis. Options include tests of response homogeneity, association, relative risk, and agreement.

Test Multiple Response

(Available only for multiple response data with one ore more grouping categories.) See Example of the Multiple Response Test. Contains the following tests for independence of responses across each grouping category:

Count Test, Poisson

Shows or hides a test of independence of rates that uses Poisson regression. The frequency per unit is modeled by the sample categorical variable. The result is a likelihood ratio chi-square test of whether the rate of each individual response differs across grouping levels.

Homogeneity Test, Binomial

Shows or hides the likelihood ratio chi-square test of independence for each individual response level. Each response category has a binomial distribution (selected or not selected).

Test Response Homogeneity

(Available for a single response variable (simple or aligned) with one or more grouping categories. Available for multiple responses with one or more grouping within the Structured tab.) Shows or hides a report that contains tests for response homogeneity that depend on your approach:

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For independence of responses across grouping categories, likelihood ratio and Pearson chi-square tests are provided. See Example of the Test for Response Homogeneity.

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For analysis of multiple responses within the Structured tab, a Rao-Scott Chi-square test is provided.

Cell Chisq

Shows or hides p-values for each cell in the table for a chi-square test of independence. A small p-value indicates a cell with an observed value that is larger or smaller than expected under the assumption that the rows are independent of the columns. The p-values are colored and shaded according to whether the count is larger or smaller than expected. See Example of the Cell Chisq Test.

Compare Each Sample

(Available only for single responses with one or more grouping variables.) Shows or hides a report that contains pairwise likelihood ratio and Pearson chi-square tests for independence of responses across levels of a grouping variable. See Example of Compare Each Sample with Comparison Letters.

Compare Each Cell

(Available only for single and multiple responses with one or more grouping variables.) Shows or hides pairwise likelihood ratio chi-square, for independence of each level of the response versus all other levels combined across levels of a grouping variable. When a response has only two levels, Pearson chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests are also provided. See Example of Compare Each Cell with Comparison Letters.

Relative Risk

(Available when the grouping variable has two levels and either the response has two levels or is a multiple response and the Unique occurrences within ID option has been selected.) Shows or hides the relative risks for a two-level grouping variable for each level of the response. See Example of Conditional Association and Relative Risk.

Conditional Association

(Available only when the Unique occurrences within ID option has been selected.) Shows or hides the conditional probability of one response level given a second response level. See Example of Conditional Association and Relative Risk.

Agreement Statistic

(Available only for Rater Agreement responses.) Shows or hides the Kappa coefficient of agreement and the Bowker test of symmetry. See Example of Rater Agreement.

Transition Report

(Available only for Repeated Measures responses.) Shows or hides transition counts and rates matrices for changes in responses across time. See Example of Repeated Measures.