Histogram

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Essential Graphing • Graph Builder • Element Types and Options • Histogram

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The Histogram element

shows a variable’s distribution using binning. For more details about histograms, see Histograms in the Basic Analysis book.

Note: The bars of the histogram align with the tick marks on the axis for the zone containing the variable. If you customize the axis, the histogram adjusts to match the new tick marks.

You can change the primary direction of the graph to X (horizontal), Y (vertical), or Auto using the Response Axis option.

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If both variables are nominal or ordinal, the histogram shows the count of observations in a level of the variable on the axis that is not specified as the Response Axis.

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If one of the variables is continuous and the other is nominal or ordinal, the plot shows a histogram for the continuous variable for each level of the categorical variable.

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If the same variable is specified for both X and Y, then the Y role is ignored and a single histogram appears.

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If both variables are continuous, then the variable on the X axis is treated as discrete. You might need to rescale the X axis to view the graph clearly. For an alternative visual, use a scatter plot with the Contour element.

Tip: You can overlay histograms with transparent color so that you can see the individual histograms. To do this, assign the variable of interest as X or Y. Assign your overlay variable to the Overlay zone. Then, click the Histogram element icon. See Example of Overlaying Histograms with Transparency in Graph Builder Examples.

For an example illustrating the histogram element, see Example of Features in Graph Builder and Example of Wafer Maps Based on a Cluster Analysis in Graph Builder Examples.

Figure 3.34 Histogram Options

Specifies the axis for the variable that is used as the response in constructing the histograms. Available only when both variables have a Continuous modeling type. If only one variable is Continuous, the other axis is the response axis.

Means and Std Devs

Shows the means and standard deviations for the levels of the variables in the X or Y zone.

t Test for Mean At

Performs a t test for the specified mean.

Specifies the confidence interval for the mean.

Shows or hides graph elements for variables, or re-orders the display of variables.

Note: These options do not apply to variables in the Group X, Group Y, Wrap, or Page zones.

Check boxes are followed by the zone designation and the name of the variable. Use check boxes to do the following:

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Show or hide the elements corresponding to a variable in a zone.

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Add or remove the effect of applying the Color, Size, Shape, or Freq variable to the variable in the zone.

Tip: If you have multiple graphs, you can color or size each graph by different variables. Drag a second variable to the Color or Size zone, and drop it in a corner. In the Variables option, select the specific color or size variable to apply to each graph.

Use arrows to re-order the display if there are multiple variables in a zone. Highlight a variable name and click an arrow to reposition it.

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Help created on 3/19/2020