Correlated Findings

This report calculates pairwise correlations between tests within each findings domain and identifies unusual results at specific study sites.

Report Results Description

Running Correlated Findings for Nicardipine using default settings generates the report shown below.

The Report contains the following elements:

Correlated Findings Volcano Plot

This plot show points representing the correlations between findings. Points close to zero show little or no correlation. Correlations increase the further (either positively or negatively) the further they are from zero. Selected points, in the figure below, are positively correlated.

Section Filter

This enables you to subset subjects based on demographic characteristics and study site. Refer to Data Filter for more information.

Action Buttons

Action buttons, provide you with an easy way to drill down into your data. The following action buttons are generated by this report. Use your mouse to select one or more sites of interest before selecting a drill down option, as shown below:

• Show Sites: Shows the rows of the data table for the selected points from the volcano plot. Clicking opens the following table:

• Show Correlation Plot: Click to display correlation plots for the selected points.

• Show Findings: Click to display all a table of the selected correlated findings.

Options

Data

Findings Tests

Use this widget to select Findings Tests for the analysis. The report will autorun and analysis is restricted to the selected tests only.

Consider BY variables in the analysis

You can opt to Consider BY variables in the analysis. This option, which assumes that BY variables (left vs. right arm for collecting blood pressure data, for example) are included in the experimental design, is selected by default. You can uncheck this option to ignore BY variables.

Subset of Visits

Use the Subset of Visits option to select the visits to be included in the analysis.

Remove unscheduled visits

You might or might not want to include unscheduled visits when you are analyzing findings by visit. Check the Remove unscheduled visits to exclude unscheduled visits.

Summarize sites with at least this many subjects:

The Summarize sites with at least this many subjects: widget enables you to set a minimal threshold for the sites to be analyzed. Only those sites which exceed the specified number of subjects are included. This feature is useful because it enables you to exclude smaller sites, where small differences due to random events are more likely to appear more significant than they truly are. In larger sites, observed differences from expected attendance due to random events are more likely to be significant because any deviations due to random events are less likely to be observed.

Note: This option applies only to the volcano plot. Small sites are still included in the "Not Site X" bin.

Alpha

The Alpha option is used to specify the significance level by which to judge the validity of the statistics generated by this report. By definition, alpha represents the probability that you will reject the null hypothesis when the null is, in fact, true. Alpha can be set to any number between 0 and 1, but is most typically set at 0.01, 0.05, or 0.10. The higher the alpha, the lower your confidence that the results you observe are correct.

General and Drill Down Buttons

Action buttons, provide you with an easy way to drill down into your data. The following action buttons are generated by this report:

• Click to reset all report options to default settings.
• Click to view the associated data tables. Refer to Show Tables/View Data for more information.
• Click to generate a standardized pdf- or rtf-formatted report containing the plots and charts of selected sections.
• Click to generate a JMP Live report. Refer to Create Live Report for more information.
• Click to take notes, and store them in a central location. Refer to Add Notes for more information.
• Click to read user-generated notes. Refer to View Notes for more information.

Methodology

Fisher's transformation (Fisher, 19211, 19702) of the correlation coefficient is calculated for all pairs of tests by CDISC findings domain, with each site (the suspect site, indexed with s) compared to all other sites taken together as a reference (indexed as o). Corresponding p-values are calculated according to a normal approximation.

FDR p-values are calculated and the reference line is determined as described in How does JMP Clinical calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)?.